{"id":9058,"date":"2026-08-19T09:54:55","date_gmt":"2026-08-19T07:54:55","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/goodnewenergy.enagas.es\/uncategorized\/what-is-lng-what-is-it-used-for-and-what-role-does-it-play-in-maritime-transport\/"},"modified":"2026-08-19T10:02:18","modified_gmt":"2026-08-19T08:02:18","slug":"what-is-lng-what-is-it-used-for-and-what-role-does-it-play-in-maritime-transport","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/goodnewenergy.enagas.es\/en\/sustainable\/what-is-lng-what-is-it-used-for-and-what-role-does-it-play-in-maritime-transport\/","title":{"rendered":"What is LNG, what is it used for, and what role does it play in maritime transport?"},"content":{"rendered":"<p>According to <a href=\"https:\/\/protect.checkpoint.com\/v2\/r02\/___https:\/unctad.org\/news\/shipping-data-unctad-releases-new-seaborne-trade-statistics___.YzJlOmVuYWdhczpjOm9mZmljZTM2NV9lbWFpbHNfYXR0YWNobWVudDphOGQ2MmQyMmNhZjFiMDZhMTI5OWM5M2YxNTAzZmIxODo3OjdhNDE6ODgyZTZjNmQ5MGQwOWFmNjJiMmRmZjA5MDI3ZWZjMTI1ODMwNGY4YTA3NDhmOWE2NDdlMTk5NWY1OTg2ZTVkYjpwOlQ6Tg\">UN figures<\/a> more than 80% of world trade is transported by sea, Maritime transport accounts for around <strong>3% of global greenhouse gas emissions<\/strong>, according to <a href=\"https:\/\/protect.checkpoint.com\/v2\/r02\/___https:\/www.consilium.europa.eu\/en\/policies\/maritime-transport\/___.YzJlOmVuYWdhczpjOm9mZmljZTM2NV9lbWFpbHNfYXR0YWNobWVudDphOGQ2MmQyMmNhZjFiMDZhMTI5OWM5M2YxNTAzZmIxODo3Ojk1MWY6NDFhZTQ3MWVlYjkxOTkwOWM4YjI1NmUyZmFjOTE0YTc1YzA5MjJhZTdiZDcyMDM2N2I3MTgxNzVmMDhjNjI4MDpwOlQ6Tg\">the Council of the European Union<\/a>. In order to achieve net-zero emissions over the coming decades, the sector is adopting alternative fuels that can reduce its environmental impact without compromising competitiveness.<\/p>\n<p>One of the most significant alternative fuels is <strong>liquefied natural gas (LNG)<\/strong>, a well-established energy solution that acts as a transition fuel, while paving the way for other renewable options such as <strong>bio-LNG<\/strong> or <strong>e-methane<\/strong>.<\/p>\n<h2><strong>Characteristics of liquefied natural gas (LNG)<\/strong><\/h2>\n<p><strong>LNG <\/strong>is natural gas that has been cooled to approximately <strong>-162\u00b0C<\/strong>, at which point it changes from a gas to a liquid. This process reduces its volume by around <strong>600 fold<\/strong>, making it easier to store and transport over long distances.<\/p>\n<p>As LNG remains in a liquid state, it can be transported in LNG carriers or stored in cryogenic tanks until needed, making it an efficient energy supply solution for the shipping industry and other sectors.<\/p>\n<h2><strong>How does LNG work and what is its value chain? <\/strong><\/h2>\n<p>The LNG value chain ranges from natural gas extraction and liquefaction to transport, regasification and supply:<\/p>\n<p><strong>1.Natural gas extraction<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>The process begins with the extraction of natural gas from onshore or offshore fields.<\/p>\n<p><strong>2.Processing and liquefaction<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>The gas is purified before being liquefied to remove water, carbon dioxide, sulphur and other compounds. It is then cooled to approximately <strong>-162\u00b0C<\/strong>, at which point it becomes a liquid.<\/p>\n<p><strong>3.Transport<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>Once liquefied, LNG is transported in specially designed LNG carriers that maintain cryogenic temperatures throughout the journey.<\/p>\n<p><strong>4.Storage and supply<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>At the regasification terminals, LNG can:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>Be regasified and injected into the natural gas network.<\/li>\n<li>Remain in a liquid state for storage, distribution and supply, either as fuel for ships through bunkering operations or for transport to other destinations.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<blockquote class=\"wp-block-quote\"><p>LNG is natural gas that has been cooled to around -162\u00b0C, at which point it changes from a gas to a liquid<\/p><\/blockquote>\n<h2><strong>Why is LNG important for maritime transport?<\/strong><\/h2>\n<p>International environmental regulations require a gradual reduction in emissions from maritime transport. In this context, LNG has become one of the most widely adopted alternative fuels.<\/p>\n<p>Its use enables:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>The virtual elimination of sulphur oxide (SOx) emissions.<\/li>\n<li>Significantly reduce nitrogen oxide (NOx) emissions, depending on the engine technology used.<\/li>\n<li>Significantly reduce airborne particles.<\/li>\n<li>Reduce CO\u2082 emissions compared with conventional fuel oil, depending on the type of engine used and the operating conditions.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>These advantages have driven the development of a growing international network of ports capable of supplying LNG.<\/p>\n<h2><strong>Advantages of LNG as a fuel<\/strong><\/h2>\n<p>In addition to its environmental benefits, LNG offers other competitive advantages:<\/p>\n<p><strong>Greater logistical efficiency<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>As its volume is reduced by around 600-fold, LNG can be stored and transported over long distances much more efficiently than natural gas in its gaseous state.<\/p>\n<p><strong>Mature technology<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>There are currently hundreds of LNG-powered vessels and a constantly expanding supply infrastructure.<\/p>\n<p><strong>Compatibility with renewable fuels<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>The greatest strategic advantage of LNG is that the infrastructure developed today can accommodate renewable fuels, such as bioLNG, without the need for major modifications. This is evident at the Enag\u00e1s terminals in Barcelona, Huelva, Cartagena and Musel E-Hub, for example.<\/p>\n<blockquote class=\"wp-block-quote\"><p>LNG can be stored and transported over long distances much more efficiently than natural gas in its gaseous state<\/p><\/blockquote>\n<h2><strong>What is bioLNG and how does it relate to LNG?<\/strong><\/h2>\n<p>One of the most key advantages of LNG is that it acts as a bridge to lower-carbon fuels.<\/p>\n<p>In this regard, <a href=\"https:\/\/goodnewenergy.enagas.es\/en\/sustainable\/what-is-biolng-and-why-is-it-key-to-the-energy-future\/\">bioLNG<\/a> is produced from biogas derived from agricultural, livestock, industrial or urban waste. Following purification and liquefaction, bioLNG has virtually the same properties as conventional LNG.<\/p>\n<p>This means that bioLNG can be used in:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>The same engines.<\/li>\n<li>The same terminals.<\/li>\n<li>The same tanks.<\/li>\n<li>The same logistics infrastructure.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>In this way, shipping companies can gradually reduce their emissions without having to replace their existing assets.<\/p>\n<p><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"alignnone size-full wp-image-9060\" src=\"https:\/\/goodnewenergy.enagas.es\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/08\/planta-regasificacion-huelva-enagas-scaled.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"2560\" height=\"1440\" srcset=\"https:\/\/goodnewenergy.enagas.es\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/08\/planta-regasificacion-huelva-enagas-scaled.jpg 2560w, https:\/\/goodnewenergy.enagas.es\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/08\/planta-regasificacion-huelva-enagas-300x169.jpg 300w, https:\/\/goodnewenergy.enagas.es\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/08\/planta-regasificacion-huelva-enagas-1024x576.jpg 1024w, https:\/\/goodnewenergy.enagas.es\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/08\/planta-regasificacion-huelva-enagas-768x432.jpg 768w, https:\/\/goodnewenergy.enagas.es\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/08\/planta-regasificacion-huelva-enagas-1536x864.jpg 1536w, https:\/\/goodnewenergy.enagas.es\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/08\/planta-regasificacion-huelva-enagas-2048x1152.jpg 2048w, https:\/\/goodnewenergy.enagas.es\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/08\/planta-regasificacion-huelva-enagas-1920x1080.jpg 1920w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 2560px) 100vw, 2560px\" \/><\/p>\n<h2><strong>Spain\u2019s role in supplying LNG for maritime transport<\/strong><\/h2>\n<p>The role of LNG in the decarbonisation of maritime transport depends on the development of the infrastructure required to ensure its supply. Spain has established itself as<strong> one of Europe\u2019s leading players<\/strong> in this field thanks to its network of regasification terminals, its strategic location, and the growth of LNG bunkering operations.<\/p>\n<p>During <a href=\"https:\/\/www.enagas.es\/en\/press-room\/news-room\/news\/arturo-gonzalo-green-gas-mobility-summit-2026\/\">his speech<\/a> at the Green Gas Mobility Summit 2026, organised by Gasnam, the Chief Executive of Enag\u00e1s, <strong>Arturo Gonzalo<\/strong>, highlighted that 8.1 TWh of LNG was supplied for bunkering in Spain in 2025. This volume placed the country ahead of the port of Rotterdam and increasingly close to Singapore, one of the world\u2019s largest ship refuelling hubs.<\/p>\n<p>According to Gonzalo, these figures show that Spain \u201ccompetes in the top tier of global transport\u201d and has the conditions required to become a hub for sustainable mobility.<\/p>\n<p>In this context, the transport of the future is expected to be <strong>multi-technological and multimodal<\/strong>, with different energy solutions coexisting according to the needs of each application. Within this roadmap, LNG and bio-LNG will serve as transitional technologies, while renewable hydrogen and its derivatives will gradually become more prominent. Indeed, the International Energy Agency (IEA) estimates that <strong>hydrogen<\/strong> and its derivatives could account for approximately 25% of the energy demand for transport by 2050, particularly in sectors that are hard to electrify, such as maritime transport and <a href=\"https:\/\/goodnewenergy.enagas.es\/en\/innovative\/hydrogen-aircraft-how-they-work-projects\/\">aviation<\/a>.<\/p>\n<p>Rather than competing with one another, these technologies are <strong>set to complement each other<\/strong>. LNG enables immediate reductions in emissions and makes use of existing infrastructure, while bio-LNG and other renewable fuels will support the transition towards shipping with an ever smaller carbon footprint.<\/p>\n<blockquote class=\"wp-block-quote\"><p>The International Energy Agency (IEA) estimates that hydrogen and its derivatives could account for approximately 25% of the energy demand for transport by 2050<\/p><\/blockquote>\n<h2><strong>The future of LNG and renewable fuels<\/strong><\/h2>\n<p>The energy transition in maritime transport will involve a variety of solutions, depending on the type of vessel and its operational requirements.<\/p>\n<p>In addition to bioLNG, the sector is researching and developing other fuels including:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>e-methane or synthetic methane<\/li>\n<li>Renewable hydrogen<\/li>\n<li>Green ammonia<\/li>\n<li>Renewable methanol<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>All of these will contribute to the decarbonisation of maritime transport, although LNG will continue to play a key role as a transition technology over the coming decades.<\/p>\n<h2><strong>FAQs about LNG<\/strong><\/h2>\n<p><strong>What does LNG stand for?<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>LNG stands for <strong>liquefied natural gas<\/strong>, which is natural gas that has been cooled to approximately -162\u00b0C, to convert it into a liquid that is easier to transport.<\/p>\n<p><strong>What is the difference between LNG and natural gas?<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>The chemical composition is practically the same. The difference is that LNG is in liquid form as a result of a liquefaction process that reduces its volume by around 600-fold.<\/p>\n<p><strong>Why does the shipping industry use LNG?<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>Because it helps reduce pollutant emissions and comply with international environmental regulations and support the transition towards low-emission shipping while fully renewable fuels are being developed.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>According to UN figures more than 80% of world trade is transported by sea, Maritime transport accounts for around 3% of global greenhouse gas emissions, according to the Council of the European Union. 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